D taɣara n kra n tmettiyin i deg igrawen (takatin +, iderman +, tiqbilin) bḍan ɣef sin n igezmen (igezman). Tuddsa n tmettiyin-agi ters ɣef wassaɣen ger yigezmen : tikwal ddukulen mi ara yili kra n weɛdaw ara qablen (nnaɣen) +, …
tadut tasnimant nɣ tikṛḍi tasnimant tga « yan ubkkaḍ (tazglt) n wawal nɣ askkir ittraran uggid ur iswi amya (iga t d zzra +, ur ɣurs atig). iɣiy gar asmkl ad d iddu g umaɣnu n : trggam +, azawar nɣ irfsan ittajjan uggid ad isyafa s unkaḍ d tdallut ». (Stets 1991 : 98). +
nil Gordon W. Allport et Leo Postman +, snat tfadiwin tidslanin da ttawsnt g ucyyɛ n tfattalin: 1. anfrar n unɣmis: afad ad ittuzuzzr unɣmis +, iqqqan g imrsi ad ig anfrar ɣur warrac. anfrar-a da ismussu uggidn ad drun +, …
nil ingl (Engel +, 1990) +, tafuli tawliwlant mi qqarn awd s tkṛḍi tasnimant da « tettuɣul xef kigan n tsurta (anawn) n tfuliwin nna mi ɣur agama awliwlan ur d akmam. izmr ad issidf uya anct n tfuliwin timyaganin d izɣann isulann anct n taktikin tusdidin (wallaln) am: asdiddiy +, …
g trakalt +, tagant n tinnurma (FE) nɣ tagant n tsirimt +, tga yan udɣar iẓlin s tskrawt n yirmn s ufrag n uwank. iga yan yigr nna g kigan n tmaddasin +, …
tigi n ad yar (ad yafḍ) sg uwank n iẓuṛan nɣ adɣar n uzdduɣ afad ad yafḍ (imikk n wakud +, nɣ wahli nɣ abda) s yan uwank aḍnin mi ttlaɣan s imzzi d uya xf kra n tmntal tidmsanin +, tisrtanin d tgʷrramin. +
asaka adimugrafi da ittusnmal s tizigzt tamzrayt nna ittusuɣln s uzrruy n ka n mdden n ka n tmazirt sg yan ungraw amzwaru iẓlin s yan usɣl axatar n ililitn (ililan) d imttin s yan ungraw atrar (amaynu) ilan tamatart n usɣl idrusn n ililitn (ililan) d imttin. +
sg ma ay d iffɣ yirm-ad +, ggudin-as ismras d sbubban as yat taggʷat timiẓiṛt tagtiẓlit. d awd kud ittddu unamk nnes ittɣudu allig yaɣul imqqur unamk nnes d yan usmrs ansnas g mennaw n yigran :
- tizwiri +, taguri «tamagit» iga tt uynna yaksuln ;
- iga agdazal n tulut (agdazal n ummrwas) « sin iskkin n twngimt yaksuln»;
- g tflsaft +, …
armmus n « tmagit tadlsant » ur igi igi nɣ askkir d iddan s mexamma ; talalit nnes tkka d amskcam n kiagn n ifilan +, n ilugnn +, n imikanizm uddisn d s lawan akkʷ d almmud a mi ɣur tilalt tanmatart.
asnml nnes ila yan wazal axatar +, …
tamagit tasnilst ɣur wuggid :« (…) iga tt ad iqrra is yamu g kra n ubrru asnils d adlsan. ittwsnml ubrru adlsan is iga yat tgrbazt nna istin nɣ iẓlin xef tiyyaḍ g umzruy +, g tdlsa +, g tmamkt n tudrt +, …
tga tmagit taẓuṛant ammi tnnit tayafut tanamunt n kra n ugdud nna mi ɣur yan wukkus amundlsan g kra n udɣar. (D.T.L. +, tasna 148).
tekka d amyassa illan gr wuggid d ubrru nna d iccar yan wayda +, yat ṭṭaṣilt (aẓuṛ) +, …
neqqar tamalast i tzigezt d tnaṭṭuft (tayafut) nnes. d tuqqna tasaɣult ittilin ingr iwnnan isnilsn g wawal. tga awd yat tezigzt tamesniyt g ttyalsn ifrdas n wawal. g unmala n tguriwin +, afrdis amggaru mi ttlaɣan «talɣa n uskty» ittafa afasr n unamk asaɣul g ufrdis amzwaru mi ttinin «asagm n tmalast». llan kigan n wanawn n tmalasin nil talɣa n wallas: tamalast tamkdit +, tamalast tarmkdit +, …
yllwa d urmmus n tɣrmt tamaynut sg tsuta tiss tẓa d mraw (XIX) d umussu n uwngm nna (digs) igman. ta +, da tettusmma awd tiɣrmt inɣiwsn +, tga tiɣrmt ittuṣkan d ikkan yat tɣtast tasrtant tamaɣzalt. tamdint-a da tettuzɣa s tazzla (s unrfu) g yan usayrar ikkan drusn digs imzdaɣn nɣ yuran (ur ittuzdaɣn) +, …
